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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention provides a yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional 5 values, which is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 15-30 parts of multivitamin, 75-85 parts of mineral premix, 90-210 parts of choline chloride, 45-55 parts of anti- coccidiosis agent, 95-105 parts of calcium propionate, 45-55 parts of compound oxidase, 15-25 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-20 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 450-570 parts of corncob powder and 98000-110000 parts of basic diet. In the present invention, compound oxidase, bacillus subtilis, 10 xylooligosaccharide and other premix feeds are simultaneously added into the basic diet to replace antibiotics, which can improve the nutritional values, growth performance, intestinal health, meat quality and immune function of yellow-feathered broilers.
    公开号:NL2026318A
    申请号:NL2026318
    申请日:2020-08-20
    公开日:2021-05-12
    发明作者:Jiang Shouqun；Li Long；Gou Zhongyong；Wang Yibing；Lin Xiajing；Ye Jinling；Fan Qiuli；Chen Weidong
    申请人:Guangdong Acad Of Agricultural Sciences；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Yellow-Feathered Broiler Feed for Improving Nutritional Values Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, and more particularly relates to a yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values. Background In recent years, the production of yellow-feathered broilers in China is developed rapidly, and the yield is increased at a rate of about 15% per year. Yellow-feathered broilers are popular with consumers for excellent meat quality. However, the breeding of high-quality yellow-feathered broilers in China always uses production performance and other commercial characters (feather colour, skin colour and the like) as selection indicators, and as a result, the production performance is greatly improved, but the nutritional values are continuously decreased, and various diseases of broilers constantly happen and become more and more complex due to various reasons.
    In recent years, the research on the regulation of the nutritional values of chicken receives more and more attention, and has become one of the international research hotspots. Many researchers believe that the purpose of improving the nutritional values of chicken can be achieved by scientifically preparing the diet and using an appropriate feeding method or adding exogenous active substances in the form of diet to improve meat quality. Therefore, it is also an effective and practical way to improve the nutritional values of chicken by means of nutrition regulation.
    At present, the related research work is already carried out abroad, and part of domestic scientific research institutions are also preparing to start the research in this field. The regulation on the nutritional values of chicken mainly plays a role in body fat deposition, tenderness, special flavour, glycolysis and antioxidation, but the deep research on how to improve the nutritional values of chicken by the above ways is still lacked, and no clear regulation technology is proposed yet.
    Therefore, the problem to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a chicken feed for improving the nutritional values of yellow-feathered broilers. Summary In view of this, the present invention provides a yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values.
    To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values, which is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 15-30 parts of multivitamin, 75-85 parts of mineral premix, 90-210 parts of choline chloride, 45-55 parts of anti-
    coccidiosis agent, 95-105 parts of calcium propionate, 45-55 parts of compound oxidase, 15-25 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-20 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 450-570 parts of corncob powder and 98000-110000 parts of basic diet. Among the raw materials, the multivitamin is used for strengthening the constitution of chickens and reducing stress response.
    The mineral premix contains rich mineral elements used for meeting the growth and maintenance of body tissues of yellow-feathered broilers.
    The choline chloride can effectively prevent and treat fat deposition and tissue denaturation in organs of yellow-feathered broilers, accelerate the absorption and synthesis of amino acid, strengthen the constitution and disease resistance of yellow-feathered broilers, and promote the growth and development.
    The calcium propionate is a mould proof additive for feeds, which can inhibit the growth of mould, bacteria and saccharomycetes and be used as a calcium supplement for feeds.
    The compound oxidase contains various oxidoreductases and lactonases, the oxidase has the function of catalysing the oxidation of substances by oxygen, and the reductase has the function of catalysing the dehydrogenation of substance molecules.
    The bacillus subtilis is used for improving the intestinal flora of yellow-feathered broilers, enhancing the body immunity and providing various enzymes required for animals, and can make up for the lack of endogenous enzyme of yellow-feathered broilers, promote the growth and development of yellow-feathered broilers, and have a significant probiotic function.
    The xylooligosaccharide is used for promoting the reproduction of beneficial bacteria in the digestive tract of yellow-feathered broilers, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria and improving the balance of microbial flora.
    The corncob powder contains rich sugar, crude proteins, crude fats, crude fibres and minerals.
    Further, the basic diet is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 62-72 parts of corn, 1.4-2.8 parts of DDGS, 1.5-2.0 parts of hydrolysed feather meal, 13-25 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of peanut meal, 0.8-3.2 parts of soybean oil, 0.13-0.23 part of lysine hydrochloride, 0.08-0.18 part of DL-methionine, 1.0-1.3 parts of stone powder, 1.3-2.0 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2-0.5 part of salt.
    The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: the basic diet in the above proportion can provide various nutrients daily required for the growth of yellow-feathered broilers and promote the growth of yellow-feathered broilers.
    Wherein, the corn has high nutritional values, is rich in fats, proteins, carbohydrates, crude fibres, calcium, iron, phosphorus, nicotinic acid and riboflavin, and is the main nutrient in the basic diet.
    The DDGS is distillers dried grains with solubles, and is an excellent source of essential fatty acid and linoleic acid.
    The protein content of the hydrolysed feather meal is as high as 80%; the amino acid composition is relatively complete; except that lysine and methionine are lower than those in imported fish meal, the other trace elements are higher than those in the fish meal; and the cystine content ranks first in all natural feeds, so the hydrolysed feather meal is a good protein feed resource.
    The soybean meal can provide vegetable proteins and amino acids for yellow-feathered broilers, and the compasition ratio of the essential amino acids is better.
    The peanut meal is a food resource with high protein, low fat, high flavonoid content and rich amino acid content, which has 18 amino acids, and the essential amino acids are complete in the variety and high in content, so the peanut meal has good palatability.
    The soybean oil can provide a variety of valuable nutrient ingredients, especially palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid and linolenic acid, for yellow-feathered broilers.
    Lysine, as the main ingredient of the lysine hydrochloride, is one of essential amino acids for humans and mammals, and can promote the growth and development of yellow-feathered broilers, enhance the body immunity, resist viruses and accelerate fat oxidation.
    The DL-methionine is used as a feed nutrition enhancer and a feed additive making up for amino acid balance, and can effectively alleviate the onset of diseases such as dysplasia, weight loss, liver and kidney function weakening, muscle atrophy and fur deterioration of yellow- feathered broilers.
    The stone powder is used for increasing the calcium absorption of yellow-feathered broilers, helping development and assisting digestion.
    The calcium hydrophosphate is used as a supplementary feed for yellow-feathered broilers, and can promote feed digestion and weight gain to increase the meat yield, and also treat rickets, chondropathy, anaemia and the like.
    The salt is used as a condiment of the basic diet, and is also an indispensable substance in the process of growth of yellow-feathered broilers.
    Further, the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 23-28 parts of multivitamin, 78-82 parts of mineral premix, 190-210 choline chloride, 48-52 parts of anti-coccidiosis agent, 98-102 parts of calcium propionate, 48-52 parts of compound oxidase, 18-22 parts of bacillus subtilis, 13-18 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 450-470 parts of corncob powder and 98000-110000 parts of basic diet; Preferably, the multivitamin is 25 parts, the mineral premix is 80 parts, the choline chloride is 200 parts, the anti-coccidiosis agent is 50 parts, the calcium propionate is 100 parts, the compound oxidase is 50 parts, the bacillus subtilis is 20 parts, the xylooligosaccharide is 15 parts, the corncob powder is 460 parts, and the basic diet is 99000 parts. Further, the basic diet is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 62-66 parts of corn, 1.5-1.8 parts of DDGS, 1.8-2.0 parts of hydrolysed feather meal, 20-25 parts of soybean meal, 4-5 parts of peanut meal, 0.8-1.0 part of soybean oil, 0.13-0.15 part of lysine hydrochloride, 0.15-0.18 part of DL- methionine, 1.2-1.3 parts of stone powder, 1.8-2.0 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2-0.4 part of salt; Preferably, the corn is 62.26 parts, the DDGS is 1.69 parts, the hydrolysed feather meal is
    1.95 parts, the soybean meal is 24.00 parts, the peanut meal is 4.42 parts, the soybean oil is 0.94 part, the lysine hydrochloride is 0.146 part, the DL-methionine is 0.168 part, the stone powder is
    1.256 parts, the calcium hydrophosphate is 1.87 parts and the salt is 0.3 part. The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: the yellow-feathered broiler feed in the above proportion is suitable for feeding 1-21-day old yellow-feathered broilers to meet the needs of yellow-feathered broilers for various nutrient ingredients at this stage. Further, the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 18-22 parts of multivitamin, 78-82 parts of mineral premix, 140-160 choline chloride, 48-52 parts of anti-coccidiosis agent, 98-102 parts of calcium propionate, 48-52 parts of compound oxidase, 18-22 parts of bacillus subtilis, 13-18 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 510-520 parts of corncob powder and 98000-110000 parts of basic diet; Preferably, the multivitamin is 20 parts, the mineral premix is 80 parts, the choline chloride is 150 parts, the anti-coccidiosis agent is 50 parts, the calcium propionate is 100 parts, the compound oxidase is 50 parts, the bacillus subtilis is 20 parts, the xylooligosaccharide is 15 parts, the corncob powder is 515 parts, and the basic diet is 99000 parts. Further, the basic diet is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 64-66 parts of corn, 2.5-2.8 parts of DDGS, 1.5-1.8 parts of hydrolysed feather meal, 18-20 parts of soybean meal, 3-5 parts of peanut meal, 2.0-2.3 parts of soybean oil, 0.21-0.23 part of lysine hydrochloride, 0.13-0.15 part of DL- methionine, 1.0-1.3 parts of stone powder, 1.5-1.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2-0.4 part of salt; Preferably, the corn is 65.45 parts, the DDGS is 2.6 parts, the hydrolysed feather meal is 1.7 parts, the soybean meal is 19.6 parts, the peanut meal is 4.0 parts, the soybean oil is 2.2 part, the lysine hydrochloride is 0.216 part, the DL-methionine is 0.134 part, the stone powder is 1.19 parts, the calcium hydrophosphate is 1.6 parts and the salt is 0.3 part. The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: the yellow-feathered broiler feed in the above proportion is suitable for feeding 22-42-day old yellow-feathered broilers to meet the needs of yellow-feathered broilers for high growth rate and enormous appetite at this stage. Further, the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 18-22 parts of multivitamin, 78-82 parts of mineral premix, 90-110 parts of choline chloride, 48-52 parts of anti-coccidiosis agent, 98-102 parts of calcium propionate, 48-52 parts of compound oxidase, 18-22 parts of bacillus subtilis, 13-18 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 560-570 parts of corncob powder and 98000-110000 parts of basic diet;
    Preferably, the multivitamin is 20 parts, the mineral premix is 80 parts, the choline chloride is 100 parts, the anti-coccidiosis agent is 50 parts, the calcium propionate is 100 parts, the compound oxidase is 50 parts, the bacillus subtilis is 20 parts, the xylooligosaccharide is 15 parts, the corncob powder is 565 parts, and the basic diet is 99000 parts.
    5 Furthermore, the basic diet is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 70- 72 parts of corn, 1.4-1.8 parts of DDGS, 1.8-2.0 parts of hydrolysed feather meal, 13-15 parts of soybean meal, 4-5 parts of peanut meal, 3.0-3.2 parts of soybean oil, 0.20-0.21 part of lysine hydrochloride, 0.08-0.10 part of DL-methionine, 1.0-1.2 parts of stone powder, 1.3-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2-0.4 part of salt; Preferably, the corn is 70.336 parts, the DDGS is 1.55 parts, the hydrolysed feather meal is
    1.83 parts, the soybean meal is 14.9 parts, the peanut meal is 4.2 parts, the soybean oil is 3.1 part, the lysine hydrochloride is 0.209 part, the DL-methionine is 0.099 part, the stone powder is
    1.116 parts, the calcium hydrophosphate is 1.36 parts and the salt is 0.3 part.
    The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: the yellow-feathered broiler feed in the above proportion is suitable for feeding 43-63-day old yellow-feathered broilers to promote fat deposition and improve the meat quality and the glossiness of feather so as to duly come into the market.
    The present invention has the following beneficial effect: in the present invention, compound oxidase, bacillus subtilis, xylooligosaccharide and other premix feeds are simultaneously added into the basic diet to replace antibiotics, which can improve the nutritional values, growth performance, intestinal health, meat quality and immune function of yellow-feathered broilers. Detailed Description The technical solution in embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and fully described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those ordinary skilled in the art without contributing creative labour will belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
    In the following embodiments, the compound oxidase: contains various oxidoreductases and lactonases; the bacillus subtilis: is the PBS strain of bacillus subtilis secreted from the intestines of healthy chickens, and the spore number of the bacillus subtilis (PB6) is 22x10" (CFU/kg); the multivitamin and the mineral premix are purchased from Guangdong Newland Feed Science & Technology Co., Ltd; the content of active ingredients of the choline chloride is 50%.
    Embodiment 1 The yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values is composed of the following raw materials: 1 kg of premix feed: 25 g of multivitamin, 80 g of mineral premix, 200 g of choline chloride, 50 g of anti-coccidiosis agent, 100 g of calcium propionate, 50 g of compound oxidase, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 15 g of xylooligosaccharide and 460 g of corncob powder; 99 kg of basic diet: 62.26 kg of corn, 1.69 kg of DDGS, 1.95 kg of hydrolysed feather meal,
    24.00 kg of soybean meal, 4.42 kg of peanut meal, 0.94 kg of soybean oil, 0.146 kg of lysine hydrochloride, 0.168 kg of DL-methionine, 1.256 kg of stone powder, 1.87 kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.3 kg of salt.
    Embodiment 2 The yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values is composed of the following raw materials: 1 kg of premix feed: 20 g of multivitamin, 80 g of mineral premix, 150 g of choline chloride, 50 g of anti-coccidiosis agent, 100 g of calcium propionate, 50 g of compound oxidase, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 15 g of xylooligosaccharide and 515 g of corncob powder; 99 kg of basic diet: 65.46 kg of corn, 2.6 kg of DDGS, 1.7 kg of hydrolysed feather meal, 19.6 kg of soybean meal, 4.0 kg of peanut meal, 2.2 kg of soybean oil, 0.216 kg of lysine hydrochloride,
    0.134 kg of DL-methionine, 1.19 kg of stone powder, 1.6 kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.3 kg of salt.
    Embodiment 3 The yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values is composed of the following raw materials: 1 kg of premix feed: 20 g of multivitamin, 80 g of mineral premix, 100 g of choline chloride, 50 g of anti-coccidiosis agent, 100 g of calcium propionate, 50 g of compound oxidase, 20 g of bacillus subtilis, 15 g of xylooligosaccharide and 565 g of corncob powder; 99 kg of basic diet: 70.336 kg of corn, 1.55 kg of DDGS, 1.83 kg of hydrolysed feather meal,
    14.9 kg of soybean meal, 4.2 kg of peanut meal, 3.1 kg of soybean oil, 0.209 kg of lysine hydrochloride, 0.099 kg of DL-methionine, 1.116 kg of stone powder, 1.36 kg of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.3 kg of salt.
    Performance Test |. Nutritional Level Detection of Basic Diet The yellow-feathered broiler feeds for improving nutritional values prepared in embodiments 1-3 are taken and sampled, and the content of each nutrient ingredient is detected, including metabolic energy (kcal/kg), crude protein (%), calcium (%), total phosphorus (%), non-phytic acid phosphor (%), lysine Lys (%), methionine Met (%), methionine + cysteine Met+Cys (%), threonine Thr (%), tryptophan Trp (%) and isoleucine lle (%). The nutritional levels are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Nutritional Levels of Yellow-Feathered Broiler Feeds of Embodiments 1-3 Caum@® {ope ps For the feed composition in Table 1, the feed formula is designed according to China Feed Ingredients and Nutritional Value Table (15th Edition), and the nutritional levels of the feeds refer to Feeding Standard of Chicken (NY/T33-2004) of China to adapt to the nutritional requirement of normal growth of fast commercial chickens. II. Effect Test
    1. Test Design 1920 1-day old fast and large Lingnan yellow-feathered broiler roosters are selected as test chickens and divided into 8 groups according to the principle of consistent weight, each group is divided into 6 repeated sub-groups, and each repeated sub-group comprises 40 chickens. The test period is 63 days.
    2. Test Feed Each group of yellow-feathered broiler roosters is fed with the basic diet and the premix feed, and the details are as follows: for 1-21-day old test chickens, the formula of the basic diet is shown in embodiment 1, and the formula of the premix feed is shown in Table 2; for 22-42-day old test chickens, the formula of the basic diet is shown in embodiment 2, and the formula of the premix feed is shown in Table 3; for 43-63-day old test chickens, the formula of the basic diet is shown in embodiment 3, and the formula of the premix feed is shown in Table 4;
    wherein 1-21-day old, 22-42-day old and 43-63-day old test chickens in group 8 are respectively fed with the yellow-feathered broiler feeds for improving nutritional values in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.
    Table 2 Formula of Premix Feed for 1-21-Day Old Test Chickens ae EO Anti-coccidiosis CompoundOddase0 0 B PD Pp PO Pp Ff |
    CECE J ey OE Table 3 Formula of Premix Feed for 22-42-Day Old Test Chickens a EO Anti-coccidiosis 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 Ce Coe JO CN JO J J JO J eon CO J CO OO eas ppp Ep JE J&LL LI J
    Table 4 Formula of Premix Feed for 43-63-Day Old Test Chickens Weeden 00 gg @ mp Anti-coccidiosis Compound Oxidase) Pp po PD Oo 5 0 0 | mm I I PP ie pss Gomon (0 BG A0 B 0 [0 PS
    3. Feeding Management The feeding experiment is conducted in the testing ground of Animal Nutrition Laboratory of Animal Science Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, floor feeding is adopted, and sawdust is laid on the floor. The feeding management and environmental conditions of each treatment are consistent, and all chickens are free to eat pellet feed and drink water and are raised and immunized according to the conventional feeding operation regulations and immune procedures. The test period is 63 days, and the temperature and humidity at 8:00 and 14:30, the weather situation, and the maximum and minimum temperatures are recorded every day.
    4. Test Methods, Measurement Indexes and Measurement Results
    4.1 Growth Performance At 17:00 of the day before the beginning of the test and the end of each stage (21-, 42- and 83-day old), feed supply is cut off, and water is supplied; in the next morning, the fasting chickens and the feed are weighed in repeated sub-groups, the amount of feed supply and the amount of remaining feed are recorded accurately, and the average daily feed intake, the average daily weight gain and the feed to gain ratio of the test chickens are calculated. During test, the health status, mental state, ingestion, excreta color and other conditions of each chicken are observed every day, the number of deaths is recorded, and the mutilated and dead chickens as well as the amount of remaining feed in the coops thereof are weighed and eliminated in time. The test results are shown in Table 5.
    Table 5 Measurement Indexes and Measurement Results of Growth Performance MeasurementGroup 1 Group 2 Group 3 (Group 4 (Group 5 Group 6 (Group 7 Group 8 [v oe ol i Weight of 1-304 l4s04 4304 4304 [43.04 4304 4304 4304 [1.0000 DayoldTest 27 Lo27 |027 k027 1027 L027 R027 027 Chickens (9) Weight of 22-4497 [4643 [440.7 [459.5 454.1 [454.4 4534 [468.6 [0.78 Day Old Test/9+15. [9+19. [9+21. [2+18. [7+18. 9:29. +31. [0+20. [28 Chickens (g) [76 40 18 37 04 62 21 00 werage 1937 006 [1937 [1983 [1958 [1959 hes4 boze 078 Gain (9) Werage 962 [33.72 [33.03 B387 3314 13333 [3333 [33.93 (045 Intake (Q) Feed to Gain Ratio 168+ [168+ [71+ 1704 [169+ [170+ [171+ [168+ [0.88 (9:9) 003 [0.03 bos [004 [0.04 bos bos bos [89 Mortality 600: 083: [0.00 [0.42% 600: [042+ [25% Daze [0.41 Weight of 42-1382. [1387. [1326. 1368. 11353. [1360. (1381. [1405. [0.19 Day Old Test/21+3 [834 [35+4 [5647 B54 [35:5 6850 [84+25 14 Chickens (g) 0.55 [0.47 [5.47 [346 [964 1292 [14 |10 werag® 4440 4397 W174 4320 4283 4314 4325 [4463 boe Gain (Q) Average 6604 [96.07 [0151 [93.94 93.93 ©9377 [9412 [97.12 DO Daily Feed [+160 [216 +203 [+408 [2.86 4272 +196 [2.04 bag Intake (9) Feed to Gain Ratio 216+ [216+ 2194 217+ PA19+ 17+ [218+ [218+ [0.93 (9:9) 005 bos bos 007 bos boz 07 [004 3 Mortality 0444 044: 1324 [0.86% D44: [44+ [044+ (045: [0.91 (9%) 107 H07 b20 [38 407 jor hor 410 Ba
    Day Old Test 20+6 24143 [3917 (531 6516 92+3 27163 (07+56 07 Chickens (g) [0.63 4.25 5.47 03.19 8.13 6.35 A7 .03 Werage 4515 [42.77 W370 W625 4472 4393 4403 4471 bat Gain (g) Average 131.8 [143.8 [147.6 [139.7 [137.3 [1428 [139.2 [132.6 0.20 Daily Feed [319.6 [2+11. [3+5.2 P+12. 4410. (3x12. [2+12. 5110. Intake (9) 0 62 3 57 31 89 68 52 2 Feed to Gain Ratio 2.93+ (3.381 3.39+ 3.054 3.081 3.25t B.17+ [2.97+ [0.11 (g:9) 0.32 0.25 0.23 0.41 0.35 0.27 0.37 0.26 09 Mortality 0.44+ (044+ [2.204 [2.23+ 0.00t 0.44+ [(1.80t 0O.88t [0.22 It can be seen from Table 5 that compared with the other control groups, group 8 significantly increases the weight (2.53%) and the average daily weight gain (4.54%) of 63-day old test chickens and reduces the feed to gain ratio (11.61%). The result shows that the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values of the present invention can improve the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers.
    4.2 Biochemical Indexes
    4.2.1 Blood Biochemical Indexes The total superoxide dismutase T-SOD activity (U/mL), uric acid (UN) content (mmol/L), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase GOT activity (U/mL), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase GPT activity (U/mL) and IFN-y content (ng/L) in the plasma of 21- and 63-day old test chickens are measured. The above measurements are conducted on a multimode reader (SpectraMaxM-5, Molecular Devices, LLC., US). Detection kits are purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Co., Ltd., and the detection method and the result calculation are in line with the kit instructions. The test results are shown in Table 6 and Table 7.
    Table 6 Blood Biochemical Indexes and Measurement Results of 21-Day Old Test Chickens T-SOD228.891/251.70+88/206.7818/194.01166/191.20+54/252.68111/258.331+65/244.53+780.44 alo oe wa om mn Uric 0.7440. 0.73+0.14 |0.52+0.0 [0.74+0.09 |0.71+0.06 0.83+0.23 |0.7540.03 |0.73+0.25 0.00 Acid [16 9 01
    UN GOT |12.4314/11.62+5.2 11.84+6. |8.60+4.88 [10.52+5.0 |10.50+7.0 |11.30+86.1 (9.1816.02 0.40 Ee GPT 46.0015/45.67+5.8 42.80+7. 44.87+5.4 42.55+4.5 47.0519.2 45.12+9.1 46.3118.1 0.48 Ke IFN-y (9.67+1. 9.46+0.82 (9.75+0.5 (9.92+0.56 (9.02+0.51 |10.73+0.7 |10.03+0.5 [10.51+0.4 0.00 a Table 7 Blood Biochemical Indexes and Measurement Results of 63-Day Old Test Chickens
    315.461 359.3814/375.331t2 342.2115 [396.6317 [397.2312 (341.6847 433.2114 0.01 Urea Nitrogen “19 2990.7 2.67+0.77{2.98+0.24/2.06+0.59/1.97+0.50/3.09+0.91/1.88+0.33/0.00 UN 0 85 74 67 4 95 1 5 7 9 00
    24.3519. 22.2944. 37.48+12.48.8913.5/35.28124. 26.3813.6/47.12+51./58.31+35./0.13 It can be seen from Table 6 and Table 7 that compared with the other control groups, group 8 significantly increases the T-SOD activity and the IFN-y level in the serums of test chickens and reduces the content of urea nitrogen UN in the serums.
    4.2.2 Liver Biochemical Indexes The liver tissue samples of 21- and 63-day old test chickens are taken, and the total superoxide dismutase T-SOD activity (U/mgprot), glutathione peroxidase GPX activity (U/mgprot), glutathione S-transferase GST activity (U/mgprot), alkaline phosphatase AKP activity (U/mgprot), succinate dehydrogenase SDH activity (U/mgprot) and cholinesterase CHE activity (U/mgprot) thereof are respectively measured.
    The above measurements are conducted on a multimode reader (SpectraMaxM-5, Molecular Devices, LLC., US). Detection kits are purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Co., Ltd., and the detection method and the result calculation are in line with the kit instructions. The test results are shown in Table 8 and Table 9.
    Table 8 Liver Biochemical Indexes and Measurement Results of 21-Day Old Test Chickens T- 239.97+204.43+2 261.6916 [231.9615 252.02140.194.07+7 240.6815 241.5245 0.02
    194.464 (147.3914 205.2943 [183.5116 |163.68156./147.02+8 [189.6613 [176.0115 [0.02 GS |126.03+86.19+17./129.00+4 (120.4218 128.02+78.84.26+41. 90.351865. 95.08121. 0.03
    216.82 57.56 99.30 63.02 8.86 32.39 8.98 3.02 63
    0.79 10 99 6 1 51 22 84 0 5 8 09 Table 9 Liver Biochemical Indexes and Measurement Results of 63-Day Old Test Chickens T-S 40.0942 80.1212. [70.47+12. [73.45+8.1 66.44+14. 68.94117. 64.88129. (74.11+21. 0.03 GP [57.204£5.52.35+13. [77.41+37.163.81+£7.0 |48.48+14. /57.08114. (58.37118. |81.66+39. 0.14 an RTL GS [23.0511 22.23+8.7 12.91+6.2 |23.60+3.519.27+£5.3 [21.02+ (19.8118.2 18.98113. [0.54 AK [579.204 440.89115684.88+27/522.55115654.06+18614.21+10613.20+15/490.08+186/0.31 Cleese bs bw bo in ke rm ow SD [0.2810.10.69+0.330.51+0.28/(0.92+0.67 0.52+0.20 0.58+0 0.57+0.24 0.84+0.52 [0.11 ee CH [3.79811.53.4810.96 3.11+£0.74 [3.13+1.03 4.68+1.43 [2.33+1.06 2.54+1.55 1.50+0.71 [0.00 Ne It can be seen from Table 8 and Table 9 that compared with the other control groups, group 8 significantly increases the T-SOD, GPX and SDH activities in the livers of test chickens and reduces the CHE activity in the livers.
    4.2.3 Intestinal Biochemical Indexes After blood is collected from 21-day old test chickens which are then slaughtered, the intestinal structure is separated, and the total superoxide dismutase T-SOD activity (U/mgprot), malonyldialdehyde MDA content (nmol/mL), Ca-ATP enzyme activity (U/mgprot) and glutathione GSH content (mg/gprot) in the jejunal mucosal tissues are respectively measured. The above measurements are conducted on a multimode reader (SpectraMaxM-5, Molecular Devices, LLC., US). Detection kits are purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Co., Ltd., and the detection method and the result calculation are in line with the kit instructions. The test results are shown in Table 10.
    Table 10 Intestinal Biochemical Indexes and Measurement Results of 21-Day Old Test Chickens T- 87.1928 |103.61+2(99.26+28.75.55+11./111.35+£10 686.66+21.89.65+20./101.35+18 0.001 8 0 001 Ca- [0.09+0.0 0.14+0.0 0.223 7 58 6 001 It can be seen from Table 10 that compared with the other control groups, group 8 significantly reduces the MDA content in the jejunal mucosae of test chickens. The test results of the above biochemical indexes show that the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values of the present invention can improve the antioxidation and immune functions of yellow-feathered broilers.
    4.3 Meat Quality Indexes
    4.3.1 Measurement of pH Value, Meat Color, Drip Loss Rate, Tenderness Value and Inosine Monophosphate IMP Content of Breast Muscle Two 50-day old test chickens with the weight approaching the average weight are selected from each repeated sub-group, the skinless and boneless breast muscles of both sides are completely peeled off, the adipose tissues and other tissues around breast muscles are removed, and the pH value, meat color, drip loss rate (%), tenderness value (N) and inosine monophosphate IMP content {mg/100g) of breast muscles are measured.
    pH value: Three positions are selected from each breast muscle sample and detected with a pH meter (HI8424, Beijing Hanna Instruments Science & Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing) respectively at 45 min and 24 h after slaughtering, and then the average value is taken.
    Meat color: The lightness value L*, redness value a* and yellowness value b* are measured with a colorimeter (CR-410, Minolta, Japan) respectively at 45 min and 24 h after slaughtering, three positions are selected from each breast muscle sample, and the average value of values measured at three points is taken.
    Drip loss rate: A piece of muscle of about 2.0 g is taken from each breast muscle sample, weighed and recorded, then hung in an air blow bag and stored at 4°C, the weight after drip loss is measured after 24 h, and the drip loss rate is calculated according to the following formula: drip loss rate (%) = (muscle weight before drip loss - muscle weight after drip loss)/muscle weight before drip loss * 100%. Tenderness: A whale breast muscle of one side is peeled off, put into a sealed bag, placed at 4°C and cured for 6 h; after being taken out, the breast muscle is placed at room temperature for 15 min to make the meat temperature reach the room temperature; the breast muscle is trimmed for the first time to remove the surrounding connective tissue, fat and minced meat, the trimmed breast muscle is put into the sealed bag again after being weighed (muscle fibers are kept in the original state without bending or deformation if possible), a glass thermometer is inserted into the center position of the thickest part of the muscle, the bag is put with the mouth upward into a 80°C thermostat water bath kettle after being sealed, and the water bath kettle is covered and heated until the core temperature of the meat sample reaches 70°C; the bag is taken out and cooled at room temperature for 30 min, the liquid in the bag is drained, and the meat sample is taken out and weighed; the breast muscle is trimmed for the second time to remove the foremost and backmost muscles, and then continuously cut from end to end into three pieces of long meat which is 1 cm wide and 1 cm thick (the long meat is cut along the direction of muscle fibers and trimmed from wing to keel, and the section of the long meat is kept complete and smooth if possible); and the long meat is horizontally put in the blade position of a tenderness meter or shear apparatus along the direction of muscle fiber for cutting operation, each piece of meat is cut twice, each breast muscle is cut into three pieces of long meat, and the average value of six shear forces is calculated in newton (N). The instrument {Instron4411, Instron Corporation, US) is used.
    Inosine monophosphate: 1.25 g of frozen meat sample is weighed, put into a petri dish, cut into pieces with scissors, placed into a slurry tube, added with 1 mL of 5% perchloric acid, mixed into paste with a high-speed tissue homogenizer, then added with 3 mL of perchloric acid, and homogenized for 3x40 s. The homogenate is transferred into a 10 mL centrifugal tube and centrifuged at 3500 r/min for 5 min, the supernatant is filtered in a 50 mL beaker, the precipitate is oscillated with 2 mL of 5% perchloric acid for 5 min and then centrifuged, and the obtained supernatant is mixed with the previous supernatant. The supernatant is mixed with 5 mol/L and
    0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide to make the pH value reach 6.5, transferred into a 25 mL volumetric flask, diluted with distilled water to volume and filtered with a 0.5 um filter membrane after being shaken up. The supernatant is used for HPLC analysis. The test results are shown in Table 12.
    Table 12 Measurement Results of pH Value, Meat Color, Drip Loss Rate, Tenderness Value and Inosine Monophosphate IMP Content of Breast Muscle Test Treatment Group 1 |Group 2 Group 3 [Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 (Group 7 Group 8 [v Group pH Value 5.8912.5 6.09+1.1 5.98+1.6 /5.93+2.2 0.2 Meat Colo 0.0 Lightness [56.67+0.954.34+1.1/55.12+1.257.42+1. 55.6910. 567.4710. (57.2511. |57.03+1.7|976 Value L* 3 8 7 93 65 63 01 5 45 min Meat Colo 0.4 Redness [15.54+2.0116.304£2.7/16.13£1.315.22+2. 14.9742. (16.1543. 16.2712. |15.80+3.1[736 Value a* 8 9 0 28 57 44 31 9 45 min Meat Colo ellowness|11.90+2.2/11.12+2.511.81+2.314.78+7. 13.17+4. |17.04+0. (14.9212. 16.51+£2.70.0 Value b* 11 5 8 24 86 81 10 5 006 45 min pH Value 5.79+0.9 5.78+1.2 5.84+0.8 5.73+2.0 0.9 Meat Colo Lightness [59.97+1.8/58.404£2.657.02+1.456.94+1. 57.8912. (58.9643. 60.3711. 59.88+3.10.6 Value L* 4 7 5 61 16 02 66 2 315 24h Meat Colo Redness ‚ [14.2310.1/15.0410.9116.0610.2114.3140. 13.7740. (15.50+0. |14.73t1. 14.41+1.10.1 ove 2 1 2 5 21 58 66 45 4 928
    Meat Colo ellowness|12.11+0.1/12.16+0.2/11.35+0.313.99+0. [14.1940. |14.83+0. (14.2810. [14.79+0.200.0 Value b* 8 2 1 11 17 16 34 4 403 24 h Drip Loss 3.72+0.0 3.35+0.1 [3.86+0.1 (3.99+0.1 0.0 Tendernes [301.0816 [364.0718 [367.7517 [353.99+1/356.55+1/340.10+3/398.06+5/275.8418 0.2 Inosine Monophos 89.93+12.59.50+24 .69.43+25.48.23+1558.63+14 164.2316. /74.47+14/92.00120.0.0 phate IMP27 36 63 41 .56 40 70 35 862 (mg/100g) It can be seen from Table 12 that compared with the other experimental groups, the breast muscle of the test chickens in group 8 has the meat color yellowness value significantly increased, the drip loss rate significantly reduced and the inosine monophosphate IMP content significantly increased.
    The result shows that the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values of the present invention can improve the meat quality of yellow-feathered broilers.
    4.3.2 Measurement of Adenylosuccinate Lyase (ADSL) and a-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (OGDC) mRNA Level in Breast Muscle The total RNA of the tissue sample is extracted by the Trizol one-step method, reverse transcription is conducted according to the reverse transcription kit PrimeScriptTMRTreagentKit (RRO47A) of Takara company, the primer sequences of two genes: adenylosuccinate lyase ADSL and a-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, and of one reference gene, B-actin are designed with PrimePremier5.0 software according to the gene sequence provided by Genbank in NCBI, and the two genes and one reference gene are synthesized by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Guangdong Branch. With the chicken breast muscle cDNA as the template, each ingredient is added into a special 96-well plate for fluorescent quantitative PCR according to the corresponding primers and by reference to the reaction system in Table 13. The reaction procedure is: pre-denaturation at 95°C for 1 min; denaturation at 95°C for 15 sec, annealing at gene-specific annealing temperature for 15 sec, extension at 72°C for 40 sec, and 40 cycles. With B-actin as the reference gene, the obtained signals and data are processed, the mRNA expressive abundance of each gene is measured by a AACt method on the basis of determining that the amplification efficiency of each target gene is close to that of the reference gene, the ACt value is obtained by subtracting the average Ct value of B-actin of the corresponding samples from the average Ct value of each sample, then with one sample as a reference, the AACt value is obtained by subtracting the ACt value of the sample from each ACt value, and finally, the average relative expression is calculated as 222%. The test results are shown in Table 14. Table 13 Real-Time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Amplification Reaction System Table 14 Effect of Gene Expression in Breast Muscle Test Group Group It can be seen from Table 14 that compared with the other experimental groups, the breast muscle of the test chickens in group 8 has the adenylosuccinate lyase ADSL gene expression level significantly increased.
    4.4 Organ Indexes For 21-day old and 63-day old yellow-feathered broiler roosters, two test chickens with the weight approaching the average weight are selected from each repeated sub-group, the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, thymus and liver are extracted and weighed, and the immune organ indexes are calculated. For 63-day old test chickens, the glandular stomach and muscular stomach are extracted, weighed, photographed and observed.
    The extracted spleen, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, liver, glandular stomach and muscular stomach are weighed, and the percentage of the respective weight in the weight of the live fasting chicken is calculated to obtain each immune organ index.
    The measurement results are shown in Table 15.
    Table 15 Measurement Results of Organ Indexes Test Treatmen|Group 1 Group 2 (Group 3 [Group 4 Group 5 [Group 6 (Group 7 [Group 8 pv t Group 21-Day Old Spleen [/0.16+0.0 0.12+0.0 0.18+0.0 0.15+0.0 /0.15+0.0 (0.16+0.0 0.17+0.0
    0.11+0.02 0.0011 Index (%)4 3 4 3 3 3 5 Bursa of
    0.33+0.0 0.35+0.1 0.34+0.0 0.33+0.0 |0.33+0.0 (0.35+0.1 0.35+0.0 Fabricius 0.29+0.07 0.6731 8 0 7 9 5 0 5 Index (%) Thymus [0.55+0.1 0.52+0.1 (0.46+0.1 (0.49+0.1 |0.48+0.1 (0.43+0.1 0.50+0.1
    0.47+0.13 0.6690 Index (%)/5 8 8 2 1 1 8 Liver 2.78+0.1 [2.35+0.14/3.03+0.2 3.06+0.2 [3.31+0.3 (3.17+0.3 3.15+0.3 [3.43+0.2 [<0.000 Ratio (%)9 © 4 4 3 6 3 1 1 63-Day Old Spleen 0.16+0.0 0.17+0.0 0.14+0.0 0.19+0.0 /0.14+0.0 [0.14+0.0 0.15+0.0
    0.19+0.10 0.1818 Index (%)5 6 3 8 2 4 4 Thymus [0.33+0.1 0.30+0.1 0.32+0.1 (0.23+0.1 [0.29+0.1 |0.31+0.1 0.25+0.1
    0.32+0.13 0.4240 Index (%)})1 1 2 1 5 0 4 Bursa of
    1.07+3.2 0.11+0.0 0.14+0.0 0.12+0.0 /0.12+0.0 (0.14+0.0 0.10+0.0 Fabricius 0.07+0.03 0.4163 3 4 4 5 6 5 4 Index (%) Liver 1.75+0.1 1.83+0.1 (1.62+0.1 (1.71+0.1 |1.70+0.1 |1.64+0.1 (1.72+0.1
    1.77+0.18 0.0333 Ratio (%)8 4 3 6 5 4 8 Glandula
    0.28+0.0 0.30+0.0 0.26+0.0 0.29+0.0 /0.28+0.0 (0.27+0.0 0.30+0.0 Stomach 0.26+0.04 0.1595 2 6 4 6 3 4 6 Ratio (%) Muscular
    1.47+0.1 1.68+0.3 (1.59+0.2 |1.56+0.2 |1.56+0.2 [1.57+0.2 |1.58+0.2 Stomach 1.35+0.32 0.1438 7 1 8 2 8 3 8 Ratio (%) It can be seen from Table 15 that compared with the other experimental groups, the test chickens in group 8 have the spleen index and the liver ratio significantly increased. In conclusion, the yellow-feathered broiler feed for improving nutritional values of the present invention can improve the nutritional values, growth performance, intestinal health, meat quality and immune function of yellow-feathered broilers.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Nutritional improvement feed for yellow feathered broilers, which is characterized by the following composition of the raw materials based on parts by weight: 15 - 30 parts of multivitamin, 75 - 85 parts of mineral premix, 90 - 210 parts of choline chloride 45-55 parts of an anticoccidiosis agent, 95-105 parts of calcium propionate, 45-55 parts of an oxidase component, 15-25 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 10-20 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 450-570 parts of corn cob powder and 98,000-110,000 parts of the basic diet.
    [2]
    The feed for yellow-feathered broilers for improving nutritional values, according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials based on parts by weight: 62-72 parts of maize, 1.4-2.8 parts of DDGS, 1.5 - 2.0 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 13 - 25 parts of soybean meal, 3 - 5 parts of peanut meal, 0.8 - 3.2 parts of soybean oil, 0.13 - 0.23 part of lysine hydrochloride , 0.08 - 0.18 part of DL - methionine, 1.0 - 1.3 parts of rock powder, 1.3 - 2.0 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2 - 0.5 part of salt.
    [3]
    The feed for yellow feathered broilers for improving nutritional values, according to claim 2, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials based on parts by weight: 23 -28 parts of multivitamin, 78 - 82 parts of a mineral premix 1980 - 210 parts of choline chloride, 48 - 52 parts of an anticoccidiosis agent, 98 - 102 parts of calcium propionate, 48 - 52 parts of compound oxidase, 18-22 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 13 - 18 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 450 - 470 parts of corncob powder and 98,000-110,000 parts of the basic diet.
    [4]
    The feed for yellow-feathered broilers for improving nutritional values, according to claim 3, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials based on parts by weight: 62-63 parts of maize, 1.5-1.8 parts of DDGS, 1.8-2.0 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 20-25 parts of soybean meal, 4-5 parts of peanut meal, 0.8-1.0 part of soybean oil, 0.13-0.15 part of lysine hydrochloride, 0.15 - 0.18 parts DL - methionine, 1.2 - 1.3 parts rock powder, 1.8 - 2.0 parts calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2 - 0.4 parts salt.
    [5]
    The feed for yellow-feathered broilers for improving nutritional values, according to claim 2, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials on a parts by weight basis: 18-22 parts of multivitamin,
    78 - 82 parts of mineral premix, 140 - 160 parts of choline chloride, 48 - 52 parts of anticoccidiosis agent, 98 - 102 parts of calcium propionate, 48 - 52 parts of compound oxidase, 18 - 22 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 13 - 18 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 510-520 parts of corn cob powder and 98,000-110,000 parts of the basic diet.
    [6]
    The feed for yellow-feathered broilers for improving nutritional values, according to claim 5, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials based on parts by weight: 64 - 66 parts of maize, 2.5 - 2.8 parts of DDGS, 1.5 - 1.8 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 18 - 20 parts of soybean meal, 3 - 5 parts of peanut meal, 2.0 - 2.3 parts of soybean oil, 0.21 - 0.23 part of lysine hydrochloride , 0.13 - 0.15 part of DL - methionine, 1.0 - 1.3 parts of rock powder, 1.5 - 1.8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2 - 0.4 part of salt.
    [7]
    The feed for yellow-feathered broilers for improving nutritional values, according to claim 2, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials based on parts by weight: 18 - 22 parts of multivitamin, 78 - 82 parts of a mineral premix 90-110 parts of choline chloride, 48-52 parts of antioxidant, 98-102 parts of calcium propionate, 48-52 parts of compound oxidase, 18-22 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 13-18 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 580-570 parts of corn cob powder and 98,000 —
    110,000 parts of the basic diet.
    [8]
    The feed for yellow-feathered broilers for improving the nutritional values, according to claim 7, characterized in that the basic diet is composed of the following raw materials based on parts by weight: 70-72 parts of maize, 1.4-1.6 parts of DDGS, 1.8 - 2.0 parts of hydrolyzed feather meal, 13 - 15 parts of soybean meal, 4 - 5 parts of peanut meal, 3.0 - 3.2 parts of soybean oil, 0.20 - 0.21 part of lysine hydrochloride, 0.08 - 0.10 parts of DL - methionine, 1.0 - 1.2 parts of rock powder, 1.3 -1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.2 - 0.4 parts of salt.
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